Bromine water
Bromine
CAS: 7726-95-6
Molecular Formula: Br2
Bromine water - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Bromine |
| Synonyms | Bromine Bromine water Bromine solution Government regulation Bromine (Standard State) |
| CAS | 7726-95-6 |
| EINECS | 231-778-1 |
| InChI | InChI=1/Br2/c1-2 |
Bromine water - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | Br2 |
| Molar Mass | 159.808 |
| Density | 2.91g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | -7.2℃ |
| Boling Point | 58.8°C at 760 mmHg |
| Water Solubility | 35 g/L (20℃) |
| Vapor Presure | 190mmHg at 25°C |
| Refractive Index | 1.55 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Characteristic red-brown fuming liquid. melting point -7.2 ℃ boiling point 58.78 ℃ relative density 3.119(20 ℃) soluble in water, solubility of 3.58g/mL water (20 ° C); Soluble in ethanol, ether, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, kerosene and carbon disulfide and other organic solvents; Also soluble in hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid and bromine compound solution. group 17 (VIIA) element. Atomic number 35. Stable isotope 79,81. Density (liquid) 3.119g/cm3. Melting Point -7.2 °c. Boiling point 58.8 °c. Major oxidation states -1, 1, 5, 7. Dark red liquid. Volatile. There is a asphyxiating odor. Highly toxic! Burns the skin, severe irritation of the mucous membranes and respiratory tract. Slightly soluble in water. Soluble in organic solvents. The chemical activity was slightly worse than that of chlorine. Can be combined with most metals and non-metals. A strong oxidant, bromine, is mainly present in seawater as an alkali metal bromide. Can be extracted from the bromide in seawater |
| Use | Mainly used for the preparation of bromide, and used in medicine, pesticides, dyes, spices, photographic materials, fire extinguishing agents, mineral processing, metallurgy, tanning, water purification and other departmentsUsed as general analytical reagents, oxidants, absorbents for ethylene and heavy hydrocarbons, and brominating agents for organic synthesis |
Bromine water - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | T+ - Very toxic C - Corrosive  N - Dangerous for the environment  |
| Risk Codes | R26 - Very Toxic by inhalation R35 - Causes severe burns R50 - Very Toxic to aquatic organisms |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. |
| UN IDs | UN 1744 |
Bromine water - Upstream Downstream Industry
Bromine water - Properties
Open Data Unverified Data
Bromine is the only non-metallic substance in liquid form at room temperature, with the chemical formula Br ₂. It is a deep reddish brown liquid with an irritating odor and is classified as a Class II controlled precursor chemical.
Bromine has various physical and chemical properties. In terms of physical properties, bromine has a melting point of -7.2 ℃, a boiling point of 58.78 ℃, and a relative density of 3.119 (20 ℃). In terms of chemical properties, bromine is similar to chlorine but has slightly weaker activity, so bromine in bromide can be replaced by free chlorine. Bromine is a strong oxidizing agent. In the presence of water, bromine can oxidize sulfur dioxide into sulfuric acid and generate hydrogen bromide. In addition, bromine is more stable than chlorine in the presence of hypobromic acid, and is more stable in the presence of hypobromic acid under sunlight. Meanwhile, bromine is toxic and highly corrosive.
In terms of solubility, bromine is slightly soluble in water, with a solubility of 3.58g/100ml of water at 20 ℃; Easily soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, benzene, chloroform, carbon disulfide, etc; Also soluble in solutions of hydrobromic acid and bromine compounds.
Last Update：2024-04-09 19:43:38
Bromine water - Uses
Open Data Unverified Data
The main uses of bromine include:
- Disinfectant: Bromine is an effective disinfectant that can be used in fields such as water treatment and swimming pool disinfection. Unlike chlorine, bromine does not produce irritating odors and tastes, making it more friendly to the human body.
- Medical field: Bromine also has extensive applications in the medical field. Bromine compounds can be used to treat diseases such as epilepsy, asthma, and arrhythmia. In addition, bromine can also be used as a raw material for manufacturing some drugs, such as potassium bromide, ammonium bromide, etc.
- Food additive: Bromine can be used as a food additive, mainly in bread, dough, noodles and other noodle products. Bromine can increase the elasticity and ductility of flour products, making them softer. In addition, bromine can also be used in the production of beer, beverages, etc.
- Production of Bromides: Bromine is mainly used to produce bromides. As an important chemical raw material, it is widely used in various industries, including flame retardants, fire extinguishing agents, refrigerants, photosensitive materials, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, oil fields, and other industries. It can be used for the replacement of intermediates in raw materials such as dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, etc. It can also be used as a regular analytical reagent, oxidant, absorbent for ethylene and heavy hydrocarbons, and as a brominating agent for organic synthesis.
Last Update：2024-04-09 19:43:38
Bromine water - Production methods
Open Data Unverified Data
There are two methods for preparing bromine: direct method and indirect method.
1. Direct method: First, a mixture of hydrogen and chlorine gas (3:1) is introduced into a steel cylinder and reacts under light to generate hydrogen chloride gas. Then, the hydrochloric acid generated by absorption with hot concentrated sulfuric acid is concentrated and cooled to produce fuming sulfuric acid. Finally, the required concentration of hydrobromic acid can be obtained by mixing fuming sulfuric acid with distilled water.
2. Indirect method: Using mercury oxide or lead monoxide as catalysts, benzene reacts with sodium bromide to produce crude sodium bromide solution. After further refinement, control pH=8-9, let it stand and separate, filter to remove insoluble substances, and obtain a refined sodium bromide solution. Finally, evaporate it to dryness and recrystallize to obtain pharmaceutical grade or reagent grade anhydrous sodium bromide finished products.
Last Update：2024-04-09 19:43:38
Bromine water - Safety
Open Data Unverified Data
Bromine is a deep reddish brown liquid that is irritating and highly corrosive. It is the only non-metallic substance in liquid form at room temperature, and as a toxic chemical substance, bromine is listed as the second category of easily produced toxic chemicals for control.
1. Hazard category: Bromine belongs to Class 8 hazardous chemicals and is a first-class inorganic acidic corrosive substance, with toxicity and strong corrosiveness.
2. Health hazards: Bromine and its compounds have irritating effects on the eyes, respiratory mucosa, and skin, which can cause coughing, breathing difficulties, headaches, and in severe cases, even pneumonia. Long term exposure to bromine may cause permanent damage, such as to the cornea, skin, lungs, etc.
3. Environmental impact: Bromine may cause pollution to water and soil, affecting ecological balance.
4. First aid measures: If exposed to bromine, immediately rinse with plenty of water and seek medical assistance.
5. Safety measures: Bromine should be stored in a ventilated, dry, and cool place, avoiding direct sunlight. When using bromine, protective goggles and gloves should be worn to avoid skin contact.
6. Storage and transportation: Bromine should strictly comply with relevant regulations and safety operating procedures during storage and transportation to ensure the safety of personnel and the environment.
Last Update：2024-04-09 19:43:38
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Raw Materials for Bromine water
Downstream Products for Bromine water
Hydrobromic acid
Magnesium chloride
Sodium bromide
Lithium bromide
Sodium bromate
Potassium bromate
Ammonium bromide
5-Cyanoindole
Hydrobromic acid
Magnesium chloride
Sodium bromide
Lithium bromide
Sodium bromate
Potassium bromate
Ammonium bromide
5-Cyanoindole
Hydrobromic acid